KPV
Taken to calm inflammation
α-MSH fragment 11–13
Match every finding to its exact substance, formulation, route and study population. A related molecule or approved medicine does not validate a catalog vial.
Color key
At a glance
Why people take it. And what backs it up.
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Calm gut inflammation
Animal studies only
Taken by capsule or shot to calm gut inflammation, including colitis and Crohn’s disease.
Sources (4)
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ClinicAge Management of West Michigan (clinic): KPV page (opens in a new tab)
“This makes KPV very effective in treatment for a variety of inflammatory bowel diseases, Chron’s disease, and colitis.”
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ForumReddit r/Peptides: comment in “KPV Experiences?” (June 2025) (opens in a new tab)
“KPV seemed to help my gut inflammation more than BPC alone.”
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StudyDalmasso et al., Gastroenterology, 2008, mouse colitis study (PubMed abstract) (opens in a new tab)
“Furthermore, oral administration of KPV reduces the incidence of DSS- and TNBS-induced colitis indicated by a decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokine expression.”
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“The melanocortin-derived tripeptide KPV showed significant anti-inflammatory effects in 2 murine models of colitis.”
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Calm skin flare-ups
Lab studies only
Users take it for psoriasis and other inflamed skin, with mixed results so far.
Sources (3)
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ForumReddit r/Peptides: comment in “KPV for psoriasis?” (September 2025) (opens in a new tab)
“I have used 250mcg of kpv for 1 year, changing the protocol every few months, and together with ta1, it has helped with my psoriasis”
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ForumReddit r/Peptides: “Psoriasis and peptides” (September 2025) (opens in a new tab)
“Things I have tried: ghk cu, bpc, tb and kpv. Unfortunately I didn’t notice anything even at higher doses.”
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“In a three-dimensional (3D) skin model, KPV treatment effectively attenuated the inflammatory cell death induced by PM10.”
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Settle allergies and histamine
People report it, not studied
People with mast-cell disorders or histamine problems take it hoping to calm allergy-like flares, often starting with tiny doses.
Sources (3)
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ForumReddit r/Peptides: “KPV experiences with MCAS” (July 2024) (opens in a new tab)
“I’ve recently started KPV to target MCAS. So far I’m enjoying it and many of my symptoms disappear within a few hours of taking it in the morning.”
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ForumReddit r/Peptides: comment in “KPV exhaustion” (January 2026) (opens in a new tab)
“just started KPV today 50mcg to gauge any reactions as I have mcas.”
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ForumReddit r/Peptides: “Kpv for histamine” (July 2024) (opens in a new tab)
“I have been dealing with histamine issues causing weight gain and hair loss since having Covid. I’m interested in trying KPV subcutaneously.”
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Ease copper-peptide shot sting
People report it, not studied
Often mixed into GHK-Cu copper-peptide injections, because users say it takes away their sting.
Sources (2)
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ForumReddit r/Peptides: comment in “KPV dosage” (September 2026) (opens in a new tab)
“I blend KPV10 with my GHK-Cu50 and take 3mg daily of the GHK-Cu which comes to 600mcg of KPV. Zero ISRs with the GHK-Cu, which was the goal.”
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“I’ve just bought Ghk-cu and I’m reconstituting with KPV only to deal with the “sting””
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Evidence briefing
Sources checkedWhat the sources support.
KPV is the Lys-Pro-Val tripeptide fragment of alpha-MSH. Anti-inflammatory findings are from cell and mouse-colitis studies; no human clinical trial was identified. The July 2026 PCAC recommendation is for compounding-list consideration, not drug approval.
Mouse oral findings do not establish human absorption, efficacy, dose or safety; FDA compounding review is separate from drug approval.
The research. What’s been studied.
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Animal & lab studies
Mouse colitis models
Oral KPV reduced inflammation in mouse colitis models; this does not establish an oral treatment effect in people.
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Animal & lab studies
Cell signaling
Cell studies report effects on NF-κB and inflammatory signaling; clinical benefit has not been established.
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Unverified
Human evidence
No human clinical trial of KPV was identified.
What do these labels mean?
- Human evidence: approved-drug data or larger human studies, within the populations and uses studied.
- Early human studies: small, preliminary or limited human studies.
- Animal & lab studies: animal or laboratory findings that do not establish effects in people.
- Unverified: a proposed use or claim without verified supporting clinical evidence.
How each claim was reviewed (4)
Reported effects and evidence.
A citation may support, qualify or correct a claim. Read the study scope; a laboratory result is not an established benefit in people. Each review covers a claim as it was first collected; the tiles above show the collection’s current wording.
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Preclinical mouse colitis experiment
Review of “Calms gut inflammation”
KPV reduced inflammation and histological injury in mouse colitis models.
Limitations and applicability. Animal-scoped detail is appropriate; title should keep model visible.
Original collected claim and review history
Original title: Calms gut inflammation
Reduced inflammation and tissue damage in mouse models of colitis.
Original label: animal. Preserved for traceability; the reviewed wording above qualifies this record.
Record kpv:benefit:1 · Annotated 2026-10-01 · Review method
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In-vitro signaling experiment
Review of “Blocks an inflammation switch”
In cultured intestinal/immune cells, KPV reduced NF-κB and related inflammatory signaling.
Limitations and applicability. A biochemical target is not a clinical benefit; distinguish cell-line data from animal experiments.
Original collected claim and review history
Original title: Blocks an inflammation switch
Inhibits NF-κB, a master switch for inflammatory signaling.
Original label: animal. Preserved for traceability; the reviewed wording above qualifies this record.
Record kpv:benefit:2 · Annotated 2026-10-01 · Review method
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Preclinical uptake mechanism
Review of “Works when swallowed”
PepT1-mediated KPV uptake was shown in cell models; oral anti-inflammatory effects were studied in mice.
Limitations and applicability. “Works when swallowed” implies human efficacy. PepT1 expression during inflammation varies across models and studies.
Original collected claim and review history
Original title: Works when swallowed
Enters gut cells through the PepT1 transporter, which is abundant in an inflamed gut.
Original label: animal. Preserved for traceability; the reviewed wording above qualifies this record.
Record kpv:benefit:3 · Annotated 2026-10-01 · Review method
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In-vitro antimicrobial finding; wound component unresolved
Review of “Antimicrobial and wound healing”
KPV showed antimicrobial activity in laboratory assays. Attach a separate primary source for any wound-healing claim.
Limitations and applicability. The verified source supports antimicrobial laboratory activity, not the separate wound-healing assertion.
Original collected claim and review history
Original title: Antimicrobial and wound healing
Showed antimicrobial and wound-healing effects in lab studies.
Original label: animal. Preserved for traceability; the reviewed wording above qualifies this record.
Record kpv:benefit:4 · Annotated 2026-10-01 · Review method
The research in detail
Evidence category
Mostly animal and cell studies
Cell and mouse studies report anti-inflammatory effects, including in experimental colitis. No human clinical trials were identified; animal and cell findings do not establish clinical benefit.
Evidence is assessed claim by claim above. Regulatory approval, study design, findings and relevance are separate questions; there is no single evidence score.
Risks and unknowns. What to know first.
Collected cautions follow. These are not an exhaustive or independently validated safety assessment; claim references do not automatically support every caution.
- Human safety profile unknown.
What people report
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User reports
Fatigue is the side effect users mention most, sometimes severe enough to affect work after a single 500 mcg dose.
Source: Reddit r/Peptides thread ‘KPV exhaustion’ (opens in a new tab)
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User reports
One user reports exhaustion with long, vivid dreams and broken sleep.
Source: Reddit r/Peptides thread ‘KPV and fatigue’ (opens in a new tab)
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User reports
Headache and light sensitivity after a first injection.
Source: Reddit r/Peptides thread on headache from KPV (opens in a new tab)
Show all 8 cautionsShow fewer cautions
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User reports
People with mast cell problems or mold illness describe flu-like ‘herx’ reactions, irritability and being bed-bound after small doses.
Source: Reddit r/Peptides thread ‘KPV Experiences?’ (opens in a new tab)
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User reports
Stinging and a small red spot at the injection site, which users link to injecting it cold from the fridge.
Source: Reddit r/Peptides thread ‘KPV sting during injection’ (opens in a new tab)
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Regulator
FDA says it has found no human exposure data for KPV by any route and lacks important information on whether it could harm people. KPV was on FDA’s list of risky compounding substances until the nomination was withdrawn.
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Regulator
In July 2026 an FDA advisory committee voted 8–6 (one abstention) to recommend allowing pharmacies to compound KPV for wound treatment and inflammatory conditions, against FDA staff advice. The vote is not binding.
Source: RAPS news, FDA advisory committee backs two controversial peptides (July 2026) (opens in a new tab)
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Study
FDA’s review found no clinical studies of KPV in people and no adverse-event or published case reports, so there is no human safety record.
Published dosing records. No established dose.
Historical label and trial records for the named product, route, population and indication. These records are not a personal schedule or a validated regimen for a catalog vial. Source attribution does not establish applicability.
KPV has been studied only in cells, tissue samples and animals, mainly in models of bowel inflammation. The FDA says it has not identified any human exposure data, and no trial or approved label sets a dose.
Any dose you see online for it is a guess, not a tested dose.
Community protocols. Reported online. Not clinically validated.
Community reports Collection date: 30 Sep 2026The most common protocol is 250–500 mcg injected under the skin once or twice a day (500 mcg a day is the usual figure), with 500 mcg capsules used for the gut.
More about this
Many forum users take 1–2 mg a day and a few take 5–6 mg; no human study supports any of these doses.
Daily injection for inflammation
Collected report · exact form and route are only as reported below. Source date and reporter identity are not separately verified. Collection checked 30 Sep 2026; presentation annotated 2026-10-01.
- Forum: Reddit r/Peptides, thread ‘KPV dosage’ (2026)
- Forum: Reddit r/Peptides, thread ‘For those who take KPV’ (2026)
- Clinic: Age Management of West Michigan (clinic), KPV page
- Forum: Reddit r/Peptides, thread ‘KPV protocol’ (2025)
Frequency labels describe this collection, not a measured population. Contradictory records remain available.
Details and sourcesHide details
- Dose
- 250–500 mcg per shot (500 mcg a day is the most quoted); one clinic uses 350 mcg
- How often
- Once or twice a day; some inject 3–7 times a week
- Route
- Injection under the skin
- How long
- One clinic: 4 weeks. Many forum users run it for months.
- Cycle
- Opinions differ: some use 5 days on, 2 off; others say no break is needed
- Mixing
- 10 mg vial with 2–3 mL bacteriostatic water is typical
- Users take it for gut problems (irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease), psoriasis, arthritis and general inflammation. Reports of benefit for psoriasis are mixed.
- Several users say the shot stings when the vial is cold from the fridge and not at room temperature.
Sources (4)
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ForumReddit r/Peptides, thread ‘KPV dosage’ (2026) (opens in a new tab)
“500mcg is the most common dose. Many people take 1mg or more though.”
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ForumReddit r/Peptides, thread ‘For those who take KPV’ (2026) (opens in a new tab)
“Between 300mcg and 500mcg once or twice daily depending on how I feel.”
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ClinicAge Management of West Michigan (clinic), KPV page (opens in a new tab)
“Dosing (10mg): 350mcg injection / 1 x daily / Subcutaneous injection / 4 Weeks”
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ForumReddit r/Peptides, thread ‘KPV protocol’ (2025) (opens in a new tab)
“No wash out period necessary. You can take it and GHK-Cu forever. No 5 day on 2 day off BS necessary either. 300mcg-500mcg daily.”
By mouth for the gut
Collected report · exact form and route are only as reported below. Source date and reporter identity are not separately verified. Collection checked 30 Sep 2026; presentation annotated 2026-10-01.
Frequency labels describe this collection, not a measured population. Contradictory records remain available.
Details and sourcesHide details
- Dose
- 500 mcg per capsule
- How often
- Once or twice a day
- Route
- By mouth
- Timing
- On an empty stomach
- Clinics sell KPV mainly as capsules for gut inflammation. One doctor prescribed it under the tongue for skin problems.
- Some users say swallowed KPV did nothing for them while injections helped.
Sources (1)
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ClinicAge Management of West Michigan (clinic), KPV page (opens in a new tab)
“Dosing: 500mcg capsule administered one to two times daily orally on an empty stomach.”
Show all 6 protocolsShow fewer protocols
In GHK-Cu blends (KLOW) and to ease GHK-Cu sting
Collected report · exact form and route are only as reported below. Source date and reporter identity are not separately verified. Collection checked 30 Sep 2026; presentation annotated 2026-10-01.
- Forum: Reddit r/Peptides, thread ‘KPV dosage’ (2026)
- Forum: Reddit r/Peptides, thread ‘For those who take KPV’ (2026)
- Forum: Reddit r/Peptides, thread ‘KPV for psoriasis?’ (2025)
Frequency labels describe this collection, not a measured population. Contradictory records remain available.
Details and sourcesHide details
- Dose
- About 300–600 mcg of KPV a day inside the blend
- How often
- Once a day
- Route
- Injection under the skin
- Mixing
- KLOW vials combine GHK-Cu, BPC-157, TB-500 and KPV (the 80 mg version is reported to hold 10 mg of KPV). Some mix 10 mg of KPV into a 50 mg GHK-Cu vial.
- Users add KPV to GHK-Cu specifically to cut the injection-site stinging GHK-Cu causes.
Sources (3)
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ForumReddit r/Peptides, thread ‘KPV dosage’ (2026) (opens in a new tab)
“I blend KPV10 with my GHK-Cu50 and take 3mg daily of the GHK-Cu which comes to 600mcg of KPV. Zero ISRs with the GHK-Cu, which was the goal.”
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ForumReddit r/Peptides, thread ‘For those who take KPV’ (2026) (opens in a new tab)
“540mcg each of BPC/TB/KPV”
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ForumReddit r/Peptides, thread ‘KPV for psoriasis?’ (2025) (opens in a new tab)
“KLOW80 contains 10mg of KPV.”
Higher daily doses
Collected report · exact form and route are only as reported below. Source date and reporter identity are not separately verified. Collection checked 30 Sep 2026; presentation annotated 2026-10-01.
- Forum: Reddit r/Peptides, thread ‘KPV dosage’ (2026)
- Forum: Reddit r/Peptides, thread ‘KPV dosage’ (2026)
- Forum: Reddit r/Peptides, thread ‘Accidentally took 5mg of kpv peptide.’ (2026)
Frequency labels describe this collection, not a measured population. Contradictory records remain available.
Details and sourcesHide details
- Dose
- 1–6 mg a day
- How often
- Once a day or split
- Route
- Injection under the skin
- Justified by users as ‘KPV is forgiving’. One says 5 mg is used for flare-ups; another admits there is no human research and ‘it’s all just guessing’.
Sources (3)
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ForumReddit r/Peptides, thread ‘KPV dosage’ (2026) (opens in a new tab)
“Most people running KPV for gut or systemic anti-inflammatory effects are in the 1-2 mg daily range, and I’ve seen protocols push 5 mg for acute flare-ups.”
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ForumReddit r/Peptides, thread ‘KPV dosage’ (2026) (opens in a new tab)
“I go 5mg a day. There’s no real research on humans for a proper dosage; it’s all just guessing.”
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ForumReddit r/Peptides, thread ‘Accidentally took 5mg of kpv peptide.’ (2026) (opens in a new tab)
“I take 6mg of KPV daily.”
Skin cream or solution
Collected report · exact form and route are only as reported below. Source date and reporter identity are not separately verified. Collection checked 30 Sep 2026; presentation annotated 2026-10-01.
Frequency labels describe this collection, not a measured population. Contradictory records remain available.
Details and sourcesHide details
- Dose
- 0.5 mL of a 15 mg per mL cream (about 7.5 mg) per application
- How often
- Twice a day
- Route
- Topical (on the affected skin)
- A compounding pharmacy offered this for psoriasis in 2019. Some users simply dab injection-vial solution on the skin.
Sources (1)
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VendorTailor Made Compounding peptide catalog (compounding pharmacy, 2019) (opens in a new tab)
“30ml TopiClick at 15mg/ml Suggested dosage: 0.5ml applied to area twice daily”
Tiny starting dose for sensitive users
Collected report · exact form and route are only as reported below. Source date and reporter identity are not separately verified. Collection checked 30 Sep 2026; presentation annotated 2026-10-01.
- Forum: Reddit r/Peptides, thread ‘KPV exhaustion’ (2026)
- Forum: Reddit r/Peptides, thread ‘KPV Experiences?’ (2025)
Frequency labels describe this collection, not a measured population. Contradictory records remain available.
Details and sourcesHide details
- Dose
- About 50 mcg, or a pinch of capsule powder
- How often
- Every other day at first, then daily
- Route
- Injection under the skin or by mouth
- Ramp
- Start tiny and increase only if tolerated
- Used by people with mast cell activation problems or mold illness who report flu-like ‘herx’ reactions.
Sources (2)
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ForumReddit r/Peptides, thread ‘KPV exhaustion’ (2026) (opens in a new tab)
“just started KPV today 50mcg to gauge any reactions as I have mcas.”
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ForumReddit r/Peptides, thread ‘KPV Experiences?’ (2025) (opens in a new tab)
“Take less. In a capsule. 1/100 of pill. Barely can see in capsule. Every other day titrate up to every day”
Where the numbers come from
There is no human dosing basis. FDA found no human studies, case reports or adverse-event reports for KPV; the research behind it is laboratory and animal work on fragments of the hormone alpha-MSH (alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone). Doses were set by clinics and compounding pharmacies (capsules, injections and, in 2019, a 15 mg per mL cream) and by forum convention, which settled on about 500 mcg a day.
Home-made sprays and serums
On the skin: home-made serums. Community recipes. Not tested.
Original source recordsHide
KPV has been sold as a compounded skin cream (15 mg per mL) for psoriasis and other inflammatory skin problems, and some users apply reconstituted injectable KPV to the skin. A lab study found KPV does not pass through intact human skin on its own.
Best evidence: Compounding-pharmacy product and user reports only. A lab study on human skin found KPV did not pass through by simple contact; it did pass after micro-needling or with iontophoresis (a small electric current). No human skin trials were found.
Compounded KPV cream, 15 mg per mL (for psoriasis)
Original source-specific report. Collection checked 30 Sep 2026; presentation annotated 2026-10-01. Source date and reporter identity are not separately verified. Exact form and route are limited to the source’s description.
- Pharmacy: Tailor Made Compounding (US compounding pharmacy) peptide catalog, undated PDF shared on the ExcelMale forum
- Pharmacy: Tailor Made Compounding (US compounding pharmacy) peptide catalog, undated PDF shared on the ExcelMale forum
Batch: 30 mL TopiClick dispenser
Ingredients and methodHide the recipe
Ingredients
| Ingredient | Amount | Role |
|---|---|---|
| KPV | 15 mg per mL | Active |
| Transdermal cream base (not specified) | Base |
Method
Made by the pharmacy; no method is published.
- How it’s used
- 0.5 mL applied to the affected area twice a day.
- Per dose
- Calculated: 15 mg per mL × 0.5 mL = 7.5 mg KPV per application.
Sources (2)
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“Content & Potency: 30ml TopiClick at 15mg/ml Suggested dosage: 0.5ml applied to area twice daily”
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“KPV 30ml TopiClick at 15mg/ml 0.5ml applied twice daily Patient preference Transdermal Cream Topical Psoriasis”
Reconstituted injectable KPV applied to the skin (community)
Original source-specific report. Collection checked 30 Sep 2026; presentation annotated 2026-10-01. Source date and reporter identity are not separately verified. Exact form and route are limited to the source’s description.
- Forum: Reddit r/Peptides, u/wiliek (May 2022)
- Forum: Reddit r/Peptides, u/Lazy-Substance-5062 (Jul 2026)
- Forum: Reddit r/Peptides, u/wiliek (Mar 2022)
- Forum: Reddit r/Peptides, u/wiliek (Mar 2022)
- Forum: Reddit r/Peptides, u/wiliek (Mar 2022)
- Forum: Reddit r/Peptides, u/orange575 (Mar 2022)
Batch: not stated
Ingredients and methodHide the recipe
Ingredients
| Ingredient | Amount | Role |
|---|---|---|
| KPV, freeze-dried vial | not stated | Active |
| Bacteriostatic water | not stated | Solvent |
Method
- Reconstitute the vial with bacteriostatic water.
- Apply some to the skin.
- Another user adds KPV to a home-made hair mix with other peptides; no amounts given.
- Users say they have seen no recommended concentration; one planned to mix 8 mg of KPV into aloe vera gel, another suggested derma-rolling first.
- A ready-made KPV topical was mentioned at about $200 for 10 mL, mixed with other ingredients.
Not stated: how it’s used.
Sources (6)
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ForumReddit r/Peptides, u/wiliek (May 2022) (opens in a new tab)
“Injectable kpv doesn’t seem to be any more expensive so I just reconstitute with BAC water and apply some topically.”
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ForumReddit r/Peptides, u/Lazy-Substance-5062 (Jul 2026) (opens in a new tab)
“i added igf1lr3 to my topical peptides ( klow, kpv, PGE-2).”
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ForumReddit r/Peptides, u/wiliek (Mar 2022) (opens in a new tab)
“I was thinking of just mixing with BAC and applying topically.”
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ForumReddit r/Peptides, u/wiliek (Mar 2022) (opens in a new tab)
“I haven’t seen any recommendations for what an appropriate concentration would be though.”
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ForumReddit r/Peptides, u/wiliek (Mar 2022) (opens in a new tab)
“I only found one topical product but that was $200 for 10ml and mixed with a bunch of other crap.”
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ForumReddit r/Peptides, u/orange575 (Mar 2022) (opens in a new tab)
“My aloe vera arrived today and I have 8mg of KPV”
How the method was put together, step by step with its sources
Editorial synthesis and reported strength comparison
This synthesized method combines source records. It has not been validated for preparation, sterility, compatibility, absorption or storage. Select a reported strength to inspect the arithmetic; no strength is selected for you.
No amounts were found in the reviewed recipe records for this one. What was found is under “Original source records”.
The general method for home-made serums, with its sources
Good to know
- Use distilled water, not tap: tap water carries minerals, chlorine and microbes that can spoil the serum.
What people report
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Regulator
The FDA says it has no human exposure data for KPV by any route.
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Study
In a lab test on human skin, KPV did not get through intact skin by simple contact (only with micro-needling or iontophoresis).
Source: Pawar K et al., J Pharm Sci 2017 (opens in a new tab)
Research notes
Doses span more than tenfold (250 mcg to 6 mg a day) with no human data to anchor them. Users disagree on whether breaks are needed. KPV is increasingly taken inside pre-mixed blends (KLOW), so the actual KPV dose depends on the vial ratio. Nasal KPV sprays are discussed on Reddit but no dose for them was found. An FDA advisory committee recommended KPV for compounding in July 2026; FDA has not decided.
On the skin
The compounded cream is from an undated catalog; it is not known whether it is still made.
What it is. In plain English.
A three-amino-acid anti-inflammatory fragment of α-MSH, studied mostly for gut inflammation.
KPV is the three-amino-acid sequence lysine-proline-valine, matching the end of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone. Its proposed anti-inflammatory activity is based on preclinical research.
Cell and animal research proposes that KPV may affect PepT1 transport and NF-κB signaling. A clinical effect in people has not been established.
Reviewed 2026-10-01.
Structure. A computed model.
, not measured
No experimental structure of KPV is in the . This is a computed model of its three amino acids, Lys-Pro-Val: a shape calculated from their atoms and bonds. Carbon atoms are lime green, nitrogen blue and oxygen red; hydrogen atoms aren’t drawn. Its formula and bonds were checked against the molecule’s known structure.
Good to know
- It is one possible shape: a flexible molecule like this one moves and can take others.
PubChem CID 125672. Rendered with Mol* (Sehnal et al., 2021).
Specs. The facts at a glance.
- Length
- 3 amino acids
- Sequence
- KPV
- Sold as
- KPV 10 mg
- In blends
- KLOW Blend80 mg per vial
- Beauty Blend50 mg / 20 mg per vial
- Regulatory status
- Not FDA-approved. In July 2026 the Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee recommended certain KPV bulk forms for 503A-list inclusion; FDA has not issued a final determination. This is not drug approval.
- Also known as
- α-MSH fragment 11–13
Sources. What this page rests on.
Every source behind this page, with what it says and when it was checked, is in the Source library.
Original overview and research notes · annotated 2026-10-01
Historical collection text. Read alongside the claim corrections above; identity or evidence qualifications may supersede this wording.
Anti-inflammatory, gut focused
A three-amino-acid anti-inflammatory fragment of α-MSH, studied mostly for gut inflammation.
Lysine-proline-valine, the last three amino acids of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH). It keeps the parent hormone’s anti-inflammatory activity without the tanning effect.
It enters cells through the PepT1 transporter, which is plentiful in an inflamed gut, and blocks NF-κB, a master switch for inflammatory signaling.
In mouse colitis models, oral KPV reduced inflammation and tissue damage (Gastroenterology, 2008). Lab studies show antimicrobial and wound-healing effects. No human clinical trials published.
Original status record: Not approved. Research chemical. In July 2026 an FDA advisory panel voted to recommend allowing pharmacies to compound it, against FDA staff advice; the FDA has not decided.