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Melanotan II

Unapproved tanning injection

Unapproved tanning peptide

Match every finding to its exact substance, formulation, route and study population. A related molecule or approved medicine does not validate a catalog vial.

Human / product-specific records · Animal / laboratory evidenceHealth-agency warnings
AcNleDHfRWKNH₂
Schematic illustration · View structure evidence

Ring closed by a lactam bridge, a bond between two side chains

Color key
NonpolarAromaticPositive chargeNegative chargePolar Copper ion D-form or non-natural

At a glance

Why people take it. And what backs it up.

  1. Get a deep tan fast

    Small early study; agencies warn

    Injected daily with sun or sunbeds, then weekly to hold the color, by people hoping to tan fast without burning; it can darken moles.

    Sources (6)
  2. Boost libido and erections

    Early human studies

    Some take it mainly for stronger desire and erections, the effect that led to the development of PT-141.

    Sources (5)
  3. Curb appetite

    Side effect in one small study

    Some take it partly to curb appetite and make dieting easier, an effect many users notice.

    Sources (4)

Evidence briefing

Sources checked

What the sources support.

Melanotan II is an unapproved synthetic melanocortin agonist marketed online for tanning and other effects. FDA describes serious reported case events, including melanoma, posterior reversible encephalopathy, sympathomimetic toxicity and priapism; the MHRA advises users to stop unlicensed injections and nasal sprays. Bremelanotide (PT-141) is a related, separately developed drug, not the same approved product.

Keep in mind

Reports of suspected adverse events do not prove causation, and unlicensed product contents and quality are unknown; those caveats do not make seller Melanotan II an approved medicine.

Identity and research status reviewRead the original sources

The research. What’s been studied.

TapClick a dotted word to see what it means.

  • Early human studies

    Pigmentation in early research

    Small early studies reported tanning effects. This does not establish safe tanning or validate unlicensed products.

  • Early human studies

    Sexual effects in early studies

    Erectile effects were reported during early research. Bremelanotide (PT-141) is a distinct related molecule, not an approved Melanotan-II product.

  • Animal & lab studies

    Appetite signaling research

    Effects on receptors have been studied, but appetite suppression is not an established approved benefit of seller Melanotan II.

What do these labels mean?
  • Human evidence: approved-drug data or larger human studies, within the populations and uses studied.
  • Early human studies: small, preliminary or limited human studies.
  • Animal & lab studies: animal or laboratory findings that do not establish effects in people.
  • Unverified: a proposed use or claim without verified supporting clinical evidence.
How each claim was reviewed (3)

Reported effects and evidence.

A citation may support, qualify or correct a claim. Read the study scope; a laboratory result is not an established benefit in people. Each review covers a claim as it was first collected; the tiles above show the collection’s current wording.

  1. Small early human phase 1 study

    Review of “Tan with little sun”

    A small phase 1 study reported pigmentation after melanotan-II; safety and efficacy for cosmetic tanning remain unestablished.

    Limitations and applicability. Pigmentation outcome does not establish tanning safety, approved use or cancer-risk reduction.

    Original collected claim and review history

    Original title: Tan with little sun

    Produced tanning with minimal sun exposure in small early trials.

    Original label: early. Preserved for traceability; the reviewed wording above qualifies this record.

    Record melanotan-ii:benefit:1 · Annotated 2026-10-01 · Review method

  2. Small early human studies

    Review of “Libido and erections”

    Early experimental studies reported erectile responses in men; they do not establish a licensed sexual-function treatment.

    Limitations and applicability. Erectile responses and arousal are distinct endpoints; retain small sample and experimental formulation.

    Original collected claim and review history

    Original title: Libido and erections

    Increased sexual arousal and erections in early trials; this led to PT-141.

    Original label: early. Preserved for traceability; the reviewed wording above qualifies this record.

    Record melanotan-ii:benefit:2 · Annotated 2026-10-01 · Review method

  3. Preclinical CNS receptor experiments

    Review of “Appetite suppression”

    Melanotan-II reduced food intake in rodent melanocortin-receptor experiments; human appetite-treatment benefit was not verified.

    Limitations and applicability. Direct evidence found is rodent CNS administration. Current “early” label could be mistaken for human clinical appetite efficacy.

    Original collected claim and review history

    Original title: Appetite suppression

    Reduces appetite through the brain’s MC4R receptor.

    Original label: early. Preserved for traceability; the reviewed wording above qualifies this record.

    Record melanotan-ii:benefit:3 · Annotated 2026-10-01 · Review method

The research in detail

Evidence category

Small or older human studies

Melanotan II produced tanning effects in early studies, but it has no approved product. It is distinct from bremelanotide (PT-141), a related molecule with a narrow FDA-approved product and indication. FDA and MHRA describe serious reports associated with unlicensed Melanotan-II products; those reports do not prove causation, and product contents are unknown.

Evidence is assessed claim by claim above. Regulatory approval, study design, findings and relevance are separate questions; there is no single evidence score.

Risks and unknowns. What to know first.

Collected cautions follow. These are not an exhaustive or independently validated safety assessment; claim references do not automatically support every caution.

  • Nausea, flushing, darkening and new moles, and prolonged erections.
  • Case reports link it to melanoma, changes in existing moles, kidney injury and muscle breakdown.
  • Darkened moles can hide early signs of skin cancer.

What people report

Show all 11 cautionsShow fewer cautions

Read this first: what “research use only” means

Published dosing records. What the trials used.

Historical label and trial records for the named product, route, population and indication. These records are not a personal schedule or a validated regimen for a catalog vial. Source attribution does not establish applicability.

Skin tanning, tested in 3 healthy men

Tanning pilot (1996)

Fixed courseClinical trial

Source: Dorr RT et al. Evaluation of melanotan-II ... in a pilot phase-I clinical study. Life Sciences 1996;58(20):1777-84 (opens in a new tab)

How
Injection under the skin
How often
Every other weekday. On the weekdays in between, the men got a dummy injection of salt water.
How long
2 weeks (5 doses of the drug in all)

Dose, step by step

  1. First dose 0.01 mg/kg
  2. Top dose 0.03 mg/kg
  • Regulators in the US, UK and Australia warn against the melanotan II sold online.
  • Only 3 healthy men took part. Doses rose 0.005 mg/kg at a time: 2 of them reached 0.03 mg/kg, and the third stopped at 0.025 mg/kg.
  • The dose is per kilogram of body weight.
  • At 0.03 mg/kg, 1 of the 2 men had moderate sleepiness and tiredness. Mild nausea was common.
  • Erections happened on their own for 1 to 5 hours after doses.
  • The researchers suggested 0.025 mg/kg a day as the single dose for future early-stage studies.

Erectile dysfunction in men (2 small studies of 10 men each)

ED studies (1998–2000)

Given by a clinicianClinical trial

Source: Wessells H et al., J Urol 1998;160(2):389-93 (psychogenic ED) and Urology 2000;56(4):641-6 (organic ED) (opens in a new tab)

Each test session
0.025 mg/kg
How
Injection under the skin
How often
One injection per test session, with 6 hours of monitoring afterwards. Each man also had sessions with a dummy injection.
How long
Single test doses only. In the 2000 study, each man had 2 drug injections and 2 dummy injections.
  • Regulators in the US, UK and Australia warn against the melanotan II sold online.
  • The dose is per kilogram of body weight.
  • Erections were measured for 6 hours after each injection.
  • Nausea, yawning and stretching were common. In the 2000 study, 4 of 19 drug injections caused severe nausea.
  • These were short studies. They did not test regular or long-term use.

These doses were tested in clinical trials under medical supervision. They aren’t approved for use, and a research vial is not the product that was tested.

Community protocols. Reported online. Not clinically validated.

Community reports Collection date: 30 Sep 2026

The usual pattern is a “loading” phase of about 0.1–0.5 mg (most often 0.25 mg) injected daily for 1–3 weeks alongside sun or sunbed exposure, then “maintenance” of 0.25–0.5 mg once or twice a week.

More about this

Practice varies a lot: many people now use 100–150 mcg or only dose before going in the sun, some use nasal sprays, and a minority push to 1 mg a day.

Not testedFrequently encountered in reviewed sources

Loading, then maintenance

Collected report · exact form and route are only as reported below. Source date and reporter identity are not separately verified. Collection checked 30 Sep 2026; presentation annotated 2026-10-01.

Frequency labels describe this collection, not a measured population. Contradictory records remain available.

Details and sourcesHide details
Dose
Loading: 0.1–0.5 mg (most often 0.25 mg). Maintenance: 0.25–0.5 mg.
How often
Loading: every day. Maintenance: once or twice a week.
Route
Injection under the skin
Timing
Many inject at night so nausea passes during sleep; others inject shortly before sun or a sunbed
How long
Loading about 1–3 weeks, until the wanted colour; maintenance through the sunny season
Cycle
Many stop after summer
Ramp
Start at 0.1–0.25 mg and raise to 0.5 mg if nausea allows
Mixing
10 mg vial + 2 mL bacteriostatic water, so 250 mcg = 5 units and 500 mcg = 10 units
  • Users stress that it only works with UV exposure (sun or sunbed).
  • New dark freckles and darker moles are widely expected by users.
Sources (4)

Not testedCommon

Low dose (“micro”)

Collected report · exact form and route are only as reported below. Source date and reporter identity are not separately verified. Collection checked 30 Sep 2026; presentation annotated 2026-10-01.

Frequency labels describe this collection, not a measured population. Contradictory records remain available.

Details and sourcesHide details
Dose
100–150 mcg
How often
Daily, or about 3 times a week
Route
Injection under the skin
Timing
Before sun or short sunbed sessions
How long
About a month, then maintenance
  • Chosen to limit nausea and dark spots; users report a visible tan at these doses.
Sources (3)
Show all 7 protocolsShow fewer protocols

Not testedCommon

Only before sun (no loading)

Collected report · exact form and route are only as reported below. Source date and reporter identity are not separately verified. Collection checked 30 Sep 2026; presentation annotated 2026-10-01.

Frequency labels describe this collection, not a measured population. Contradictory records remain available.

Details and sourcesHide details
Dose
200–250 mcg
How often
Only on days with sun or sunbed exposure
Route
Injection under the skin
Timing
About 30 minutes before going out or tanning
How long
Through the summer (one user used about 6 mg in total over a summer)
  • Some users question whether a loading phase is needed at all.
Sources (3)

Not testedCommon

Nasal spray

Collected report · exact form and route are only as reported below. Source date and reporter identity are not separately verified. Collection checked 30 Sep 2026; presentation annotated 2026-10-01.

Frequency labels describe this collection, not a measured population. Contradictory records remain available.

Details and sourcesHide details
Dose
About 150 mcg per spray (for example 10 mg in a 60-spray bottle); 1–2 sprays at a time reported
How often
Daily while building a tan
Route
Nasal
Timing
Before sun or a sunbed
How long
About a month to build colour
Mixing
Sold ready-made or made up in a spray bottle; strength varies by seller
  • Users describe nasal use as slower than injections but still causing nausea.
  • Branded tanning nasal sprays are sold directly to consumers.
Sources (3)

Not testedSometimes seen

Aggressive loading up to 1 mg a day

Collected report · exact form and route are only as reported below. Source date and reporter identity are not separately verified. Collection checked 30 Sep 2026; presentation annotated 2026-10-01.

Frequency labels describe this collection, not a measured population. Contradictory records remain available.

Details and sourcesHide details
Dose
Up to 1 mg
How often
Daily while loading, then 1 mg twice a week
Route
Injection under the skin
How long
About 1–3 weeks of loading
Ramp
For example 250 mcg for 3 days, 500 mcg for 7 days, then 1 mg a day
  • The poster wrote “mg” where they clearly meant mcg for the lower steps, a common unit slip on the forum.
Sources (2)

Not testedSometimes seen

Year-round low maintenance

Collected report · exact form and route are only as reported below. Source date and reporter identity are not separately verified. Collection checked 30 Sep 2026; presentation annotated 2026-10-01.

Frequency labels describe this collection, not a measured population. Contradictory records remain available.

Details and sourcesHide details
Dose
About 300 mcg (not always stated)
How often
About once or twice a week
Route
Injection under the skin
How long
Continuous, in one case for 17 years without breaks
Cycle
No off-cycle
Ramp
Higher doses at first, then lower maintenance
Mixing
One long-term user pre-loads and freezes syringes
  • Some keep a weekly short sunbed session to hold the colour.
Sources (3)

Not testedSometimes seen

For libido and erections

Collected report · exact form and route are only as reported below. Source date and reporter identity are not separately verified. Collection checked 30 Sep 2026; presentation annotated 2026-10-01.

Frequency labels describe this collection, not a measured population. Contradictory records remain available.

Details and sourcesHide details
Dose
250–500 mcg
How often
Not stated
Route
Injection under the skin
  • The sexual effects that led to PT-141 are also a reason some people take melanotan II.
Sources (2)

Where the numbers come from

Forum-built over nearly two decades on tanning and bodybuilding forums. Doses appear to have drifted down: a 2012 poisoning case describes 1 mg as the recommended starting dose at the time, while current Reddit users mostly start at 0.1–0.25 mg. No clinical dose exists because the drug was never approved.

Home-made sprays and serums

Home-made nasal spray. Community recipes. Not tested.

Original source recordsHide

Melanotan II ‘nasal tanners’ are widely sold, often as kits of two 10 mg vials, sterile water and an empty spray bottle to mix at home; people also make their own with bacteriostatic water. Case reports now describe users of MT2 nasal spray, including a mouth melanoma.

Best evidence: No trial or approved product. Vendor mixing instructions (TruTan, UK), community posts, and case reports / social-media studies (2025–2026) confirming nasal-spray use.

Collected strength records

Not testedNasal sprayCommon

Vendor nasal kit: 2 × 10 mg vials, each mixed with 2 mL injectable water

Original source-specific report. Collection checked 30 Sep 2026; presentation annotated 2026-10-01. Source date and reporter identity are not separately verified. Exact form and route are limited to the source’s description.

Batch: about 4 mL

Ingredients and methodHide the recipe

Ingredients

IngredientAmountRole
Melanotan II2 × 10 mg vialsActive
Injectable (sterile) water2 mL per vial, as a minimum (5 mL supplied)Liquid

Method

  1. Wipe the top of the vial with a sterile wipe.
  2. Draw a full insulin syringe of water and push it into the vial, onto the side of the glass; repeat (2 full syringes per vial).
  3. Roll the vial between your fingers until dissolved – don’t shake.
  4. Repeat with the second vial.
  5. Draw all the solution from both vials and put it gently into the nasal bottle.
How it’s used
2 sprays a day, one in each nostril; one kit gives 10 daily doses.
Preservative
None (sterile water).
Storage
Refrigerate once mixed.
  • The seller claims nasal sprays are about 30–40% as effective as injections, which is why the kit has two vials.
  • A 2025 user following the same kit instructions worked out 5 mg per mL and thought that too strong to start.

Not stated: the amount per dose and how long it keeps.

Sources (6)

Not testedNasal spraySometimes seen

MT2 powder with bacteriostatic or sterile water in a spray bottle (home-made)

Original source-specific report. Collection checked 30 Sep 2026; presentation annotated 2026-10-01. Source date and reporter identity are not separately verified. Exact form and route are limited to the source’s description.

Ingredients and methodHide the recipe

Ingredients

IngredientAmountRole
Melanotan II10 mg vialActive
Bacteriostatic water or sterile water (5 mL supplied in one kit)not statedLiquid

Not stated: how it’s used and the amount per dose.

Sources (2)
Editorial synthesis and reported strength comparison

This synthesized method combines source records. It has not been validated for preparation, sterility, compatibility, absorption or storage. Select a reported strength to inspect the arithmetic; no strength is selected for you.

Strength per spray
What people report
See all 4Show fewer
Research notes

Doses have fallen over time, and the forum frequently mixes up mg and mcg (for example “250mg”), a real overdose risk. Nasal sprays are sold as branded tanning products with unclear strength. Several users also take retatrutide or other peptides at the same time.

Nasal spray

Vendor claims about nasal effectiveness (30–40% of injection) are unsourced. The site’s own status line already notes FDA, MHRA and TGA consumer warnings; the TGA warning pages could not be reached in this search.

What it is. In plain English.

An unapproved tanning injection that multiple health agencies have warned against.

A ring-shaped seven-amino-acid α-MSH analog developed at the University of Arizona. PT-141 is almost the same molecule; only the chain end differs.

It activates melanocortin receptors across the body without much selectivity: MC1R (skin pigment), MC4R (sexual arousal, appetite) and others. That’s why it causes tanning, erections and appetite loss together.

Reviewed 2026-10-01.

Structure. A close relative’s structure.

Specs. The facts at a glance.

Length
7 amino acids, ring-shaped
Sequence
Ac-Nle-cyclo[Asp-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH₂
Sold as
  • Melanotan II 10 mg
Regulatory status
Not approved anywhere. Australia’s TGA warns against it, the UK’s MHRA advises anyone using it to stop, and the FDA lists serious reported harms, including melanoma.
Also known as
Unapproved tanning peptide

Sources. What this page rests on.

Every source behind this page, with what it says and when it was checked, is in the Source library.

Melanotan II in the Source library

Original overview and research notes · annotated 2026-10-01

Historical collection text. Read alongside the claim corrections above; identity or evidence qualifications may supersede this wording.

Tanning (unapproved)

An unapproved tanning injection that multiple health agencies have warned against.

A ring-shaped seven-amino-acid α-MSH analog developed at the University of Arizona. PT-141 is almost the same molecule; only the chain end differs.

It activates melanocortin receptors across the body without much selectivity: MC1R (skin pigment), MC4R (sexual arousal, appetite) and others. That’s why it causes tanning, erections and appetite loss together.

Small early human trials showed tanning with little sun and erectile effects. Commercial development was abandoned in favor of the more targeted afamelanotide and bremelanotide.

Original status record: Not approved anywhere. Australia’s TGA warns against it, the UK’s MHRA advises anyone using it to stop, and the FDA lists serious reported harms, including melanoma.

More in Skin, hair & tanning.

Glossary

Melanocortin receptors

Five receptors (MC1R–MC5R) that control skin pigment, appetite, sexual arousal and inflammation. Targeted by the Melanotans, PT-141 and KPV.

Glossary

Cryo-EM

Cryo-electron microscopy. Molecules are frozen in a thin layer of ice and photographed thousands of times with an electron microscope; the images are combined into a 3D map.

Glossary

Resolution

How sharp a structure is, measured in ångströms (Å; a ten-billionth of a meter). Smaller is sharper.

Glossary

Protein Data Bank (PDB)

The free worldwide archive of 3D structures of proteins and other molecules measured in experiments. Each entry has a four-character code, like 7KI0.